A 16-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department 3 hours after the sudden onset of severe left scrotal pain that woke him from sleep. He has had nausea and vomiting but no fever, dysuria, urethral discharge or recent trauma. He takes no medications and has no known allergies. On examination, the left testis is high-riding with a transverse lie and is exquisitely tender. The left cremasteric reflex is absent, and elevating the scrotum does not relieve the pain. There is no scrotal erythema. Urinalysis is normal.
| Heart rate | 98/min |
| Respiratory rate | 18/min |
| Temperature | 37.1 °C |
| O2 saturation | 99%, room air |
| Blood pressure | 124/74 mm Hg |
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Which one of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
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